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Document 255251

STEPHEN F. AUSTIN, BRANCH T. ARCHER and WILLIAM H. WHARTON
Texian Loan issued six weeks before the Alamo.
Partly Printed Texian Loan signed: "S.F. Austin", "B.T. Archer" and "Wm. H. Wharton", 1p, 8x9¾. New-Orleans, 1836 January 11. Printed along bottom: "Printed by Benjamin Levy--New Orleans". Certificate No. 372. In full: "Received of Thos D. Carneal Thirty-two Dollars, the First Installment on a Loan of Three Hundred and Twenty Dollars, made by him this day to the Government of Texas for Five Years, bearing Interest at the rate of eight per centum per annum, payable annually. Public Notice to be given, according to contract, when the other Instalments (sic) will be required, at which time they may be paid or not, at the option of the said Thos D. Carneal or his Assignee. For the amount paid, [Land in] Texas may be taken at fifty cents per Acre, with the guarantees and conditions of the contract aforesaid." Six weeks later, Mexican President Santa Anna led his army of thousands in an attack on the Alamo, beginning on February 23, 1836 and ending in the annihilation of its 188 defenders on March 6, 1836. Texian Loans were used to raise capital for the republic's government and army. STEPHEN F. AUSTIN (1793-1836) inherited the legacy of completing the task his father, Moses Austin (1761-1821), had begun when he secured a grant from Mexico to colonize 200,000 acres in the Mexican territory of Texas. Between 1822 and 1833, Stephen Austin led the 300 original pioneer families - called the "Old 300" - to Texas. By 1836, some 30,000 more American settlers arrived. In 1833, Austin had attempted to establish Texas as a separate, self-governing Mexican state. Mexico resisted his plan and imprisoned him. Released in July 1835, Austin went to New Orleans to seek American recognition and help. This bond is the first of ten installments of $32 that Thomas D. Carneal paid for 640 acres in Texas, a part of a loan-purchase agreement. Also signing this loan were Dr. Branch T. Archer (1790-1856) and William H. Wharton (1802-1839) who, with Austin, were "Commissioners on the Part of Texas". Archer and Wharton were Commissioners of the Consultation. This was a council chosen during Austin's absence in 1835. Archer was the President of the council, which voted not to recognize Santa Anna's usurpation of the Mexican government, thereby starting the Texas Revolution. At the Battle of San Jacinto on April 21, 1836, the Texans, led by Commander in Chief Sam Houston, were able to surprise and defeat Santa Anna's army and capture the Mexican dictator. In June, Houston was elected first President of the Republic of Texas, defeating Austin, who was named Secretary of State. Austin died on December 27, 1836 at the age of 46. Wharton was elected to the Texas Senate, dying in 1839 at 37. Archer lived to see Texas enter the Union, dying in 1856 at 66. Originally printed crookedly. Usual triangular cancellation cut on text. Ornate borders and lettering. Framed, not in the Gallery of History style: 33½x22¾.

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