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Document 189489
ALBERT EINSTEIN. Autograph Statement signed:
"A. Einstein" in pencil, 1p, 8¼x6¼. [No place, 1930 December]. In
German with English translation. In full: "I am going to Pasadena at
the invitation of the University there. The main reason for the trip is
participation in and contact and discussion with colleagues in my disciplines
and in the scientific life there. Perhaps I'll also have to give some lectures.
The Americans support not only scientific research all over the world but also
support the relationships and cooperation of all people engaged in science in
all countries. I am very glad to see this country again, which is the foremost
supporter of economic and technical advancement. It has given us the ultimate
perfection in production methods and we might hope that it will find also the
methods not only to overcome the present economic crises, but also find the
balance between production and consumption. [In my opinion] the latter problem
is the most important practical problem of our time." This statement was
presented to the press by Einstein as he prepared for his second visit to
America to meet with fellow scientists at the California Institute of Technology
in Pasadena. At the time, Einstein was considering where he should live and
work, knowing he could no longer do so in Germany with the growth of
anti-Semitism there. It was on this visit that he made his famous "2%" speech:
"In countries where conscription exists, the true pacifist must refuse military
duty. In countries where compulsory military service does not exist, true
pacifists must publicly declare that they will not take up arms in any
circumstances...The timid may say, 'What's the use? We'll be sent to prison.' To
them I say: even if only two per cent announced their refusal to fight,
governments would be powerless - they would not dare send such a huge number to
prison." Badges marked "2%" soon began to appear on young Americans' jacket
lapels. Lightly creased. Stained at lower left blank margin, lightly soiled at
blank right margin and at mid-vertical fold. Overall, fine condition.
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