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Document 178370
MARCUS GARVEY. TLS: "Marcus M Garvey",
1p, 8¼x11. London, England, 1938 December 23. On letterhead of the
Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League to Miss
Edna Grear, Secy. Garvey Club Camden, Camden, New Jersey. In full:
"Your monthly report for the November month, 1938, has been received and
official receipt for $1.53 is hereto attached to cover. We trust your Division
will do its best to foster the work of the Association as much as possible, and
hold as many meetings to collect money as possible, provided they do not in any
way interfere with the bylaws of the Constitution or cause any disagreement or
unpleasantness. The matter of Mr. B. Jones being elected Commissioner of New
Jersey will have to be gone into by the President-General, before anything is
done in the matter, but no doubt he will be communicating with you on the matter
in the near future. We are sending Mrs. Annie, B. Evans a Pledge Card and Pledge
Slip to fill out, together with covering letter explaining the complete Plan.
With very best wishes for your success." Affixed at upper left corner is
3½x2½ pink receipt slip filled out in another hand. Called the "Father of Negro
Nationalism", Garvey signed this letter just three years after moving the
Universal Negro Improvement Association from Jamaica to London in an attempt to
revitalize his organization. A proponent of Black pride and racial separation,
he had founded the UNIA in his native Jamaica. To unite American Blacks and
raise the funds needed for his proposed exodus to Africa, he moved to New York
in 1916. During the UNIA's first international convention at Harlem's Liberty
Hall in 1920, the "Black Moses" gained great popularity as a result of his
remarkable speeches embracing the uniqueness of the Black heritage. He claimed
some two million followers during his "Harlem Renaissance" and established
several businesses to assist his people. One of his enterprises, a steamship
company called the Black Star Line, resulted in his downfall. Convicted on mail
fraud charges stemming from the sale of the company's stock, Garvey was
sentenced to five years in prison in 1925. President Calvin Coolidge commuted
the sentence two years later, but Garvey was immediately deported to Jamaica.
He severed his ties with the American branches, and renamed his organization
the Parent Body of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, the title used
on this letterhead. His efforts in London never generated adequate support, and
he died there two years after signing this letter. Lightly creased. Folds,
vertical fold touches the upper loop of the "G" and the "ar" of Garvey. ½-inch
separation at blank left margin at mid-horizontal fold, ½-inch separation at
upper blank margin at vertical fold. Ink is smudged at 5 words of receipt,
transference at lower blank margin of letter. Overall, fine
condition.
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