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| Lot # 19 PRESIDENT ULYSSES S. GRANT - DOCUMENT SIGNED 09/14/1875 CO-SIGNED BY:BENJAMIN H. BRISTOW - Document 254002 |
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ULYSSES S. GRANT and BENJAMIN H. BRISTOW
Reconstruction: Appointment of a Collector of Internal Revenue for
Tennessee.
Partly Printed DS: "U.S. Grant" as President and "B.H.
Bristow" as Secretary of the Treasury, 1p, 16¼x13¼. Washington,
1875 September 14. In part: "Know Ye, That, reposing special trust and
confidence in the integrity, diligence, and discretion of William F. Green, I do
appoint him Collector of Internal Revenue for the Sixth District of Tennessee,
and do authorize and empower him to execute and fulfil the duties of that Office
according to law...." The U.S. government established the Office of
Internal Revenue in 1862 to help pay the cost of the Civil War. The Internal
Revenue Service is a division of the Treasury Department. In 1866, Tennessee
had become the first Confederate state to be readmitted to representation in the
U.S. Congress. BENJAMIN HELM BRISTOW, a Kentuckian who had served the North with
distinction during the Civil War, was appointed by Grant as Secretary of the
Treasury in June of 1874. He served until June 1876. Once the Civil War was
over, national governmental expenditures declined and taxes were reduced.
Internal revenue taxes were gradually repealed between 1866 and 1883, after
which the only commodities taxed were liquor and tobacco. The political
pressure of diverse manufacturing and banking groups led first to the reduction
of the income tax in 1867 and 1870 and then to its expiration in 1872. However,
merchant and farm groups opposed these reductions. They feared that abolition of
the income tax would strengthen governmental reliance on the protective tariff
for revenue. The taxes on legacies and successions were repealed in 1870 for the
same reasons as was the income tax. Yet agrarian and labor discontent from 1873
on resulted in repeated proposals for the restoration of the income tax by
southern and western congressmen, the Greenback, Antimonopoly and Populist
parties and the Knights of Labor. Income taxes were re-introduced in the
1890s and were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. In 1913, with the
ratification of the 16th Amendment, they were implemented and are in use to this
day. Folds, 1 just touches the "w" in Bristow. Lightly creased. Fine
condition.
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